| Barber v. Superior Court |
147 Cal. App. 3d 1006, 195 Cal. Rptr. 484 |
California District Court of Appeal, 1983 |
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| Berry v. Superior Court |
208 Cal.App.3d 783, 256 Cal.Rptr. 344 |
California Court of Appeals, Sixth District, 1989 |
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| Blake v. United States |
407 F.2d 908 |
United States Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit, 1969 |
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| Bowers v. Hardwick |
478 U.S. 186 |
Supreme Court of the United States, 1986 |
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| Broemmer v. Abortion Services of Phoenix |
173 Ariz. 148, 840 P.2d 1013 |
Supreme Court of Arizona, 1992 |
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| Burns v. State |
145 Wis. 373, 128 N.W. 987 |
Supreme Court of Wisconsin, 1911 |
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| Cheek v. United States |
498 U.S. 192 |
Supreme Court of the United States, 1991 |
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| City of Chicago v. Morales |
527 U.S. 41 |
Supreme Court of the United States, 1999 |
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| Coker v. Georgia |
433 U.S. 584 |
Supreme Court of the United States, 1977 |
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| Commonwealth v. Atencio |
345 Mass. 627, 189 N.E.2d 323 |
Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts, 1963 |
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| Commonwealth v. Carroll |
412 Pa. 525, 194 A.2d 911 |
Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, 1963 |
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| Commonwealth v. Fischer |
721 A.2d 1111 |
Superior Court of Pennsylvania, 1998 |
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| Commonwealth v. Jones |
880 S.W.2d 544 |
Supreme Court of Kentucky, 1994 |
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| Commonwealth v. Malone |
354 Pa. 180, 47 A.2d 445 |
Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, 1946 |
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| Commonwealth v. Mochan |
177 Pa.Super. 454, 110 A.2d 788 |
Superior Court of Pennsylvania, 1955 |
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| Commonwealth v. Root |
403 Pa. 571, 170 A.2d 310 |
Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, 1961 |
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| Commonwealth v. Sherry |
386 Mass. 682, 437 N.E. 2d 224 |
Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts, 1982 |
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| Commonwealth v. Tluchak |
166 Pa. Super. 16, 70 A.2d 657 |
Superior Court of Pennsylvania, 1950 |
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| Commonwealth v. Welansky |
316 Mass. 383, 55 N.E.2d 902 |
Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court, 1944 |
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| Cruzan v. Director, Missouri Dept. of Health |
497 U.S. 261 |
Supreme Court of the United States, 1989 |
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| Duncan v. Louisiana |
391 U.S. 145 |
Supreme Court of the United States, 1968 |
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| Durham v. State |
199 Ind. 567, 159 N.E. 145 |
Supreme Court of Indiana, 1927 |
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| Ewing v. California |
538 U.S. 11 |
Supreme Court of the United States, 2003 |
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| Fabritz v. Traurig |
583 F.2d 697 |
U.S. Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit, 1978 |
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| Garcia v. State |
71 Ind. 366, 394 N.E. 2d 106 |
Supreme Court of Indiana, 1979 |
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| Garnett v. State |
332 Md. 571, 632 A.2d 797 |
Court of Appeals of Maryland, 1993 |
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| Girouard v. State |
321 Md. 532, 583 A.2d 718 |
Court of Appeals of Maryland, 1991 |
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| Gordon v. United States |
203 F.2d 248, rev'd, 347 U.S. 909 |
United States Court of Appeals, 10th Circuit, 1954 |
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| Government of the Virgin Islands v. Scuito |
623 F.2d 869 |
United States Court of Appeals, 3d Circuit, 1980 |
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| Graham v. United States |
187 F. 2d 87 |
United States Court of Appeals, District of Columbia Circuit, 1950 |
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| Harmelin v. Michigan |
501 U.S. 957 |
Supreme Court of the United States, 1991 |
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| Hicks v. United States |
150 U.S. 442 |
Supreme Court of the United States, 1893 |
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| Holloway v. United States |
526 U.S. 1 |
Supreme Court of the United States, 1999 |
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| Hufstetler v. State |
37 Ala. App. 71, 63 So. 2d 730 |
Alabama Court of Appeals, 1953 |
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| In re Banks |
295 N.C. 236, 244 S.E.2d 386 |
Supreme Court of North Carolina, 1976 |
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| Interstate Circuit, Inc. v. United States |
306 U.S. 208 |
Supreme Court of the United States, 1939 |
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| Johnson v. State |
602 So. 2d 1288 |
Supreme Court of Florida, 1992 |
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| Jones v. United States |
308 F.2d 307 |
United States Court of Appeals, District of Columbia Circuit, 1962 |
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| Keeler v. Superior Court |
470 P.2d 617 |
Supreme Court of California, 1970 |
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| Kibbe v. Henderson |
534 F.2d 493 |
United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit, 1976 |
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| Kotteakos v. United States |
328 U.S. 750 |
Supreme Court of the United States, 1946 |
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| Krulewitch v. United States |
336 U.S. 440 |
Supreme Court of the United States, 1949 |
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| Lambert v. California |
355 U.S. 225 |
Supreme Court of the United States, 1957 |
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| M'Naghten's Case |
10 Cl. & F. 200, 8 Eng. Rep. 718 |
House of Lords, 1843 |
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| Maher v. People |
10 Mich. 212, 81 Am. Dec. 781 |
Supreme Court of Michigan, 1862 |
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| Martin v. State |
31 Ala. App. 334, 17 So. 2d 427 |
Alabama Court of Appeals, 1944 |
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| McClain v. State |
678 N.E.2d 104 |
Supreme Court of Indiana, 1997 |
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| McCleskey v. Kemp |
481 U.S. 279 |
Supreme Court of the United States, 1987 |
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| McQuirter v. State |
36 Ala. App. 707, 63 So. 2d 388 |
Alabama Court of Appeals, 1953 |
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| Midgett v. State |
292 Ark. 278, 729 S.W.2d 410 |
Supreme Court of Arkansas, 1987 |
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| Morissette v. United States |
342 U.S. 246 |
Supreme Court of the United States, 1952 |
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| Nelson v. United States |
227 F.2d 21 |
United States Court of Appeals, District of Columbia Circuit, 1955 |
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| New York Central & Hudson River Railroad Co. v. United States |
212 U.S. 481 |
Supreme Court of the United States, 1909 |
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| Nix v. Whiteside |
475 U.S. 157 |
Supreme Court of the United States, 1986 |
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| Nolan v. State |
213 Md. 298, 131 A.2d 851 |
Maryland Court of Appeals, 1957 |
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| Owens v. State |
93 Md.App. 162, 611 A.2d 1043 |
Court of Special Appeals of Maryland, 1992 |
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| Oxendine v. State |
528 A.2d 870 |
Supreme Court of Delaware, 1987 |
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| Patterson v. New York |
432 U.S. 197 |
Supreme Court of the United States, 1977 |
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| People v. Acosta |
284 Cal. Rptr. 117 |
Court of Appeal of California, 4th Appellate District, 1991 |
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| People v. Arzon |
92 Misc. 2d 739, 401 N.Y.S.2d 156 |
Supreme Court, New York County, 1978 |
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| People v. Ashley |
42 Cal. 2d 246, 267 P.2d 271 |
Supreme Court of California, 1954 |
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| People v. Beardsley |
150 Mich. 206, 113 N.W. 1128 |
Supreme Court of Michigan, 1907 |
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| People v. Brown |
105 Cal. 66, 38 P. 518 |
Supreme Court of California, 1894 |
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| People v. Campbell |
124 Mich. App. 333, 335 N.W.2d 27 |
Court of Appeals of Michigan, 1983 |
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| People v. Casassa |
49 N.Y.2d 668, 404 N.E.2d 1310 |
New York Court of Appeals, 1980 |
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| People v. Ceballos |
12 Cal. 3d 470, 526 P.2d 241 |
Supreme Court of California, 1974 |
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| People v. Conley |
187 Ill.App.3d 234, 134 Ill.Dec. 855, 543 N.E.2d 138 |
Illinois Appellate Court, 1989 |
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| People v. Dlugash |
41 N.Y.2d 725, 363 N.E.2d 1155 |
New York Court of Appeals, 1977 |
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| People v. Eulo |
63 N.Y.2d 341, 482 N.Y.S.2d 436, 472 N.E.2d 286 |
Court of Appeals of New York, 1984 |
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| People v. Evans |
85 Misc. 2d 1088, 379 N.Y.S. 2d 912 |
Supreme Court, New York County, Trial Term, 1975 |
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| People v. Fichtner |
281 A.D. 159, 118 N.Y.S.2d 392, aff'd without opinion, 305 N.Y. 864, 114 N.E.2d 212 |
New York Supreme Court, Appellate Division, Second Department, 1953 |
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| People v. Fuller |
86 Cal.App.3d 618, 150 Cal.Rptr. 515 |
California Court of Appeals, Fifth District, 1978 |
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| People v. Goetz |
68 N.Y.2d 96, 497 N.E.2d 41 |
New York Court of Appeals, 1986 |
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| People v. Hood |
1 Cal. 3d 444, 462 P.2d 370 |
Supreme Court of California, 1969 |
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| People v. Howard |
34 Cal.4th 1129, 23 Cal.Rptr.3d 306, 104 P.3d 107 |
Supreme Court of California, 2005 |
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| People v. Jaffe |
185 N.Y. 497, 78 N.E. 169 |
New York Court of Appeals, 1906 |
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| People v. Jones |
150 Mich.App. 440 |
Court of Appeals of Michigan, 1986 |
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| People v. Kevorkian |
447 Mich. 436, 527 N.W.2d 714 |
Supreme Court of Michigan, 1994 |
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| People v. Lauria |
251 Cal. App. 2d 471, 59 Cal. Rptr. 628 |
California District Court of Appeal, 1967 |
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| People v. Liberta |
64 N.Y.2d 152, 474 N.E.2d 567 |
New York Court of Appeals, 1984 |
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| People v. Luparello |
187 Cal. App. 3d 410, 231 Cal. Rptr. 832 |
California Court of Appeal, 4th District, 1987 |
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| People v. Marrero |
69 N.Y.2d 382, 507 N.E.2d 1068 |
New York Court of Appeals, 1987 |
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| People v. Navarro |
99 Cal.App.3d Supp. 1, 160 Cal.Rptr. 692 |
Appellate Department, Los Angeles County Superior Court, 1979 |
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| People v. Newton |
87 Cal. Rptr. 394 |
California District Court of Appeal, 1970 |
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| People v. Nieto Benitez |
4 Cal.4th 91, 13 Cal.Rptr.2d 864, 840 P.2d 969 |
Supreme Court of California, 1992 |
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| People v. Olsen |
36 Cal. 2d 638, 685 P.2d 52 |
Supreme Court of California, 1984 |
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| People v. Phillips |
64 Cal.2d 574, 414 P.2d 353 |
Supreme Court of California, 1966 |
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| People v. Reid |
69 N.Y.2d 469, 508 N.E.2d 661 |
New York Court of Appeals, 1987 |
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| People v. Rizzo |
246 N.Y. 334, 158 N.E. 888 |
Court of Appeals of New York, 1927 |
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| People v. Robertson |
34 Cal.4th 156, 17 Cal.Rptr.3d 604, 95 P.3d 872 |
Supreme Court of California, 2004 |
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| People v. Smith |
35 Cal. 3d 798, 678 P.2d 886 |
California Supreme Court, 1984 |
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| People v. Stewart |
663 A.2d 912 |
Supreme Court of Rhode Island, 1995 |
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| People v. Superior Court (Du) |
5 Cal.App.4th 822, 7 Cal.Rptr.2d 177 |
California Court of Appeals, Second District, 1992 |
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| People v. Turner |
249 Ill. App. 3d 474, 619 N.E.2d 781 |
Illinois Court of Appeals, 2nd District, 1993 |
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| People v. Unger |
66 Ill. 2d 333, 362 N.E.2d 319 |
Supreme Court of Illinois, 1977 |
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| People v. Zackowitz |
254 N.Y. 192, 172 N.E. 466 |
New York Court of Appeals, 1930 |
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| Pinkerton v. United States |
328 U.S. 640 |
Supreme Court of the United States, 1946 |
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| Plaut v. Spendthrift Farm, Inc. |
514 U.S. 211 |
Supreme Court of the United States, 1995 |
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| Pope v. State |
284 Md. 309, 396 A.2d 1054 |
Maryland Court of Appeals, 1979 |
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| Powell v. Texas |
392 U.S. 514 |
Supreme Court of the United States, 1968 |
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| Regina v. City of Sault Ste. Marie |
85 D.L.R.3d 161 |
Supreme Court of Canada, 1978 |
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| Regina v. Cunningham |
2 Q.B. 396 |
Court of Criminal Appeal, 1957 |
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| Regina v. Dudley and Stephens |
14 Q.B.D. 273 |
Queen's Bench Division, 1884 |
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| Regina v. Jones |
115 Can. Crim. Cases 273 |
Ontario Court of Appeal, 1956 |
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| Regina v. Prince |
L.R. 2 Cr. Cas. Res. 154 |
Court of Crown Cases Reserved, 1875 |
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| Regina v. Stewart |
50 D.L.R.4th 1, 41 C.C.C.2d 481 |
Supreme Court of Canada, 1988 |
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| Roberts v. People |
19 Mich. 401 |
Supreme Court of Michigan, 1870 |
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| Robinson v. California |
370 U.S. 660 |
Supreme Court of the United States, 1962 |
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| Shaw v. Director of Public Prosecutions |
A.C. 220 |
House of Lords, 1962 |
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| Smallwood v. State |
343 Md. 97, 680 A.2d 512, 1996 |
Court of Appeals, Maryland, 1996 |
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| Staples v. United States |
511 U.S. 600 |
Supreme Court of the United States, 1994 |
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| State ex rel. Pope v. Superior Court |
113 Ariz. 22, 545 P.2d 946 |
Supreme Court of Arizona, 1976 |
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| State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Co. v. Campbell |
123 U.S. 1513 |
Supreme Court of the United States, 2003 |
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| State in the Interest of M.T.S. |
129 N.J. 422, 609 A.2d 1266 |
New Jersey Supreme Court, 1992 |
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| State v. Abbott |
36 N.J. 63, 174 A.2d 881 |
Supreme Court of New Jersey, 1961 |
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| State v. Baker |
571 P.2d 65 |
Kansas Court of Appeal, 1977 |
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| State v. Canola |
73 N.J. 206, 374 A.2d 20 |
Supreme Court of New Jersey, 1977 |
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| State v. Chaney |
477 P.2d. 441 |
Supreme Court of Alaska, 1970 |
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| State v. Crenshaw |
98 Wash. 2d 789, 659 P.2d 488 |
Washington Supreme Court, 1983 |
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| State v. Davis |
319 Mo. 1222, 6 S.W.2d 609 |
Supreme Court of Missouri, 1928 |
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| State v. DeLawder |
28 Md. App. 212, 344 A.2d 446 |
Maryland Court of Special Appeals, 1975 |
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| State v. Forrest |
321 N.C. 186, 362 S.E.2d 252 |
Supreme Court of North Carolina, 1987 |
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| State v. Gladstone |
78 Wash. 2d 306, 474 P.2d 274 |
Supreme Court of Washington, 1980 |
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| State v. Green |
643 S.W.2d 902 |
Tennessee Court of Appeals, 1982 |
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| State v. Guido |
40 N.J. 191, 191 A.2d 45 |
New Jersey Supreme Court, 1993 |
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| State v. Guminga |
395 N.W.2d 344 |
Supreme Court of Minnesota, 1986 |
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| State v. Guthrie |
194 W.Va. 657, 461 S.E.2d 163 |
Supreme Court of Appeals of West Virginia, 1995 |
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| State v. Harrington |
128 Vt. 242, 260 A.2d 692 |
Supreme Court of Vermont, 1969 |
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| State v. Hernandez |
815 S.W.2d 67 |
Missouri Court of Appeals, 1991 |
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| State v. Kelly |
97 N.J. 178, 478 A.2d 364 |
Supreme Court of New Jersey, 1984 |
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| State v. McFadden |
320 N.W.2d 608 |
Supreme Court of Iowa, 1982 |
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| State v. McVay |
47 R.I. 292, 132 A. 436 |
Supreme Court of Rhode Island, 1926 |
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| State v. Miller |
192 Or. 188, 233 P.2d 786 |
Supreme Court of Oregon, 1951 |
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| State v. Mortimer |
142 N.C. App. 321, 542 S.E.2d 330 |
Court of Appeals of North Carolina, 2001 |
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| State v. Nations |
676 S.W.2d 282 |
Missouri Court of Appeals, Eastern District, 1984 |
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| State v. Norman |
324 N.C. 253, 378 S.E.2d 8 |
Supreme Court of North Carolina, 1989 |
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| State v. Palendrano |
120 N.J. Super. 336, 293 A.2d 747 |
Superior Court of New Jersey, 1972 |
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| State v. Ragland |
105 N.J. 189 |
Supreme Court of New Jersey, 1986 |
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| State v. Riggins |
8 Ill. 2d 78, 132 N.E.2d 519 |
Supreme Court of Illinois, 1956 |
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| State v. Rose |
112 R.I. 402, 311 A.2d 281 |
Supreme Court of Rhode Island, 1973 |
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| State v. Rusk |
289 Md. 230, 424 A.2d 720 |
Court of Appeals of Maryland, 1981 |
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| State v. Sein |
124 N.J. 209 |
Supreme Court of New Jersey |
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| State v. Toscano |
74 N.J. 421, 378 A.2d 755 |
Supreme Court of New Jersey, 1977 |
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| State v. Utter |
4 Wash.App. 137, 479 P.2d 946 |
Court of Appeals of Washington, 1971 |
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| State v. Wilcox |
70 Ohio St. 182, 436 N.E.2d 523 |
Supreme Court of Ohio, 1982 |
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| State v. Williams |
4 Wash. App. 908, 484 P.2d 1167 |
Washington Court of Appeals, 1971 |
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| Stephenson v. State |
205 Ind. 141, 179 N.E. 633 |
Supreme Court of Indiana, 1932 |
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| Taylor v. Commonwealth |
31 Va. App. 54, 521 S.E.2d 293 |
Court of Appeals of Virginia, 1999 |
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| Taylor v. Superior Court |
3 Cal. 3d 578, 477 P.2d 131 |
Supreme Court of California, 1970 |
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| Tennessee v. Garner |
471 U.S. 1 |
Supreme Court of the United States, 1985 |
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| Topolewski v. State |
130 Wis. 244, 109 N.W. 1037 |
Supreme Court of Wisconsin, 1906 |
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| United States v. Albertini |
830 F.2d 985 |
United States Court of Appeals, 9th Circuit, 1987 |
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| United States v. Alvarez |
625 F.2d 1196 |
United States Court of Appeals, 5th Circuit, 1981 |
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| United States v. Bergman |
416 F. Supp. 496 |
United States District Court, S.D.N.Y., 1976 |
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| United States v. Brawner |
471 F.2d 969 |
United States Court of Appeals, District of Columbia Circuit, 1972 |
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| United States v. Bruno |
308 U.S. 287 |
United States Court of Appeals, 2d Circuit, 1939 |
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| United States v. Cordoba-Hincapie |
825 F.Supp. 485 |
United States District Court, E.D. New York, 1993 |
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| United States v. Dougherty |
473 F.2d 1113 |
United States Court of Appeals, District of Columbia Circuit, 1972 |
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| United States v. Elliott |
571 F.2d 880 |
United States Court of Appeals, 5th Circuit |
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| United States v. Fleming |
739 F.2d 945 |
United States Court of Appeals, 4th Circuit, 1984 |
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| United States v. Foster |
133 F.3d 704 |
United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, 1998 |
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| United States v. Gementera |
379 F.3d 596 |
United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, 2004 |
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| United States v. Girard |
601 F.2d 69 |
United States Court of Appeals, 2d Circuit, 1969 |
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| United States v. Hilton Hotels Corp. |
467 F.2d 1000 |
United States Court of Appeals, 9th Circuit, 1972 |
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| United States v. Jackson |
560 F.2d 112 |
United States Court of Appeals, 2d Circuit, 1977 |
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| United States v. Jackson |
835 F.2d 1195 |
United States Court of Appeals, 7th Circuit, 1987 |
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| United States v. Jewell |
532 F.2d 697 |
United States Court of Appeals, 9th Circuit, 1976 |
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| United States v. Johnson |
964 F.2d 124 |
United States Court of Appeals, 2d Circuit, 1992 |
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| United States v. Lyons |
731 F.2d 243, 739 F.2d 994 |
United States Court of Appeals, 5th Circuit, en banc, 1984 |
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| United States v. MacDonald & Watson Waste Oil Co. |
933 F.2d 35 |
United States Court of Appeals, 1st Circuit, 1991 |
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| United States v. Moore |
486 F.2d 1139 |
United States Court of Appeals, District of Columbia Circuit, 1973 |
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| United States v. Morris |
928 F.2d 504 |
United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit, 1991 |
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| United States v. Park |
421 U.S. 658 |
Supreme Court of the United States, 1975 |
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| United States v. Peterson |
483 F.2d 1222 |
United States Court of Appeals, District of Columbia Circuit, 1973 |
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| United States v. Reid |
206 F. Supp. 2d 132 |
United States District Court, D. Mass., 2002 |
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| United States v. Schoon |
971 F.2d 193 |
United States Court of Appeals, 9th Circuit, 1992 |
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| United States v. Siegel |
717 F.2d 9 |
United States Court of Appeals, 2d Circuit, 1983 |
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| United States v. Wiley |
492 F.2d 547 |
United States Court of Appeals, D.C. Circuit, 1974 |
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| United States v. Xavier |
2 F.3d 1281 |
United States Court of Appeals, Third Circuit, 1993 |
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| Velazquez v. State |
561 So.2d 347 |
District Court of Appeal of Florida, 1990 |
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| Washington v. Glucksberg |
521 U.S. 702 |
Supreme Court of the United States, 1997 |
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| Wilcox v. Jeffery |
1 All E.R. 464 |
King's Bench Division, 1951 |
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